Constructor functions in JavaScript are special functions used to create and initialize objects. They typically start with a capital letter (e.g., Person) and use the this keyword to set properties of the new object being created. When called with the new keyword, they automatically return an instance of the constructor function's type.
Using prototypes with constructor functions allows for efficient memory usage by attaching methods or properties to the prototype instead of each individual object. This way, all objects created from the same constructor share these methods and properties.
Built-in objects like Math provide utility functions without needing to be instantiated, offering a variety of mathematical operations such as finding maximum values (Math.max), rounding numbers (Math.round), generating random numbers (Math.random), and more.
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