Threat landscape for industrial automation systems in Q4 2025

Summary of Kaspersky's Q4 2025 Report on Threats to Industrial Control Systems (ICS)

Key Findings:

• Overall Threat Landscape:

  • A decline in overall threats targeting ICS networks.
  • The percentage of ICS computers attacked decreased slightly compared to previous quarters.

• Initial Infection Vectors:

  • Denylisted Internet Resources: Lowest levels since Q2 2025, down by 1.8 times from the second quarter.
  • Malicious Documents: Increased for three consecutive quarters but declined in Q4 2025.
  • Malicious Scripts and Phishing Pages: Decreased to 6.58%, still leading threat category.

• Next-stage Malware:

  • Spyware: Down by 0.24 percentage points, second most blocked malware type.
  • Ransomware: Slight decline to 0.16%.
  • Web Miners: Lowest level observed at 0.24%, down from previous quarters.
  • Executable File Miners: Increased to 0.60%.

• Self-propagating Malware:

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