The emergence of production voice AI architectures is presenting a key architectural decision for developers: where should reasoning and tool execution reside. Current designs broadly fall into three categories – a single, realtime model; a full-duplex model delegating to a backend; and a chained pipeline with separate speech and text components – each with distinct tradeoffs. Ultimately, the best approach depends on existing business logic and infrastructure, rather than vendor recommendations. Regardless of the chosen architecture, consistent components like transport, credential management, and turn detection are crucial for reliable performance.
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